| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Whipsaw strike ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Whipsaw strike
A whipsaw strike (also called a selective strike)〔In Germany, the term is "schwerpunktstreik".〕 is a strike by a trade union against only one or a few employers in an industry or a multi-employer association at a time. The strike is often of a short duration, and usually recurs during the labor dispute or contract negotiations—hence the name "whipsaw."
==Multi-employer bargaining==
As unionization spreads in an industry, unions often attempt to encourage employers in that industry to bargain as a group. The goal is to negotiate an industry-wide〔This contract may be geographically limited and occur at the local, regional or national level. It may also be limited to a specific market, whether local, regional or national. See: Hardin, et al., ''The Developing Labor Law: The Board, the Courts, and the National Labor Relations Act,'' 2002; and Williams and Adam-Smith, ''Contemporary Employment Relations: A Critical Introduction,'' 2005.〕 contract which equalizes pay across employers, forcing businesses to compete on the basis of quality, innovation, and occupational safety and health.〔Brisbin, ''A Strike Like No Other Strike: Law and Resistance During the Pittston Coal Strike of 1989-1990,'' 2002.〕 This activity is known as multi-employer bargaining. Multi-employer bargaining has been common in the United States and other countries since the 1880s. It is more common in heavily unionized industries such as construction, steelmaking and transportation; where there is high turnover due to the nature of the job (such as construction and longshore operations); and where numerous small employers face a powerful labor union.〔Hardin, et al., ''The Developing Labor Law: The Board, the Courts, and the National Labor Relations Act,'' 2002.〕 Although increasingly rare in the private sector in the United Kingdom, multi-employer bargaining remains common in Western Europe (especially in Germany), Scandinavia, Japan, and some South American countries (such as Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay).〔Williams and Adam-Smith, ''Contemporary Employment Relations: A Critical Introduction,'' 2005; O'Connell, ''Collective Bargaining Systems in 6 Latin American Countries: Degrees of Autonomy and Decentralization,'' May 1999; Tolliday, ''The Power to Manage?: Employers and Industrial Relations in Comparative Historical Perspective,'' 1991; International Labor Organization ''World Labour Report 1994,'' April 1994.〕 A few countries, such as Australia and Canada, encourage multi-employer bargaining by law.〔Rose, "Multi-Employer Cohesion in Australian Construction," ''Journal of Industrial Relations,'' 1987; Wetzel, Maxey and Gallagher, "Management and Union Assessments of Multi-Employer Bargaining in Health Care: A Canadian Example," ''Journal of Health and Human Resources Administration,'' Spring 1985.〕
Employers face an economic incentive to break away from the employer bargaining group. If the employer does so and is able to negotiate a contract with lower labor costs, that employer will achieve a significant competitive advantage in the marketplace.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Whipsaw strike」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|